Carbureter



.um g lo n, n. a l. d e t n e t a P v. En ...n ME Rw BB .R DA .c n L 0nu, lo 6 0. N

(Application Bled Oct. 27, 1897.)

(No Model.)

6 Sheets-Sheet W/ TNE SSE S /N VEA/70H A UUR/v5 Ys.

No. 618,002. Patented I an. I7, |899.

t n. D. BRADLEY.

CARBUHETER.

(Application fixed oct. 27, 1897.) (No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 2.

ATTORNEYS.

No. 's|s,oo2. Patented 1an; |7, |899.

n. n. BRADLEY. i

CARBU BETER.

(Appneiw med om 27, m97.) (No Model.) l 6 Sheets-Sheet 3- A fron/v5 rs.

No. 6|s,oo2. l Patented 1an'. I7, |899.

n. u. BRADLEY.

CARBUHETER.

(Application led Oct. 27, 1897.)

(No Model.) 6 Sheds-shunt 4. v

R. D. BRADLEY.

C A R B U R ET E B (Application led Oct. 27, 1897.)

6 Sheets-Sheet 5.

A TTOHNE U.

(No Model.)

No. 618,002. Patented lan. I7, |899. B. D. BRADLEY.

CABBURETER.

(Application led Oct. 27, 1897.) (Nn Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 6.

/N VENTOH A TTOHNE YS.

rio.

UNITED STATES PATENT Tries.

ROBERT D. BRADLEY, 0F LINCIIESTER, MARYLAND.

ceasuan'ren.

srncxrrca'rron forming part of Letters :Patent No. 618,002, datedJanuary 17, 189e.

`.ippuotnon'meaoctober?,1897. seritinmsamo. maman.)

To all whomit'nmyconcern: f Be it" known thatA I, ROBERT D. BRADLEY, ofLinchester, in the county of Caroline and State of Maryland, haveinvented a new and intimate admixture and incorporation of atmosphericair with vaporized hydrocarbon iiquid.

The primary object of the invention is to provide a novel method andmeans whereby vaero-carbon fluid of a stable nature may be rapidly andperfectly evolved for combustion as generated. i

A further object is to provide a portable gasproducing apparatus adaptedtoffreely generatea measurably-xed aero-carbon gaseous fluid -and whichis of novel and simple con struction, very efficient in operation, andthat may be produced` at a moderate cost.

` The invention consists in the novel method of and apparatus for theproduction of gascous iiuid,as is hereinafter described, and de- 'fliertherefor.

chamber broken away to expose a reticulatediined in the appended claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part ofAthis specification,

' in which similar characters of reference indi cate corresponding'partsin all the figures.

Figurel isa front view f theimproved gasproducing device. Fig.l 2 is apartly -sectional front elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is avpartly-sectional side elevation of the apparatus seen in direction ofthe arrow a; in Fig.

A1. Fig. 4 is a rear elevation in part of working details of theapparatus exposed by the removal of a rear wall of the inclosing cham-Fig. 5 is a-sectional plan view- -substantially on the line 5 5in Fig.2. Fig.

6 is a sectional plan view essentially on the line 6,6 in Fig. 2. viewsubstantially on the line 7 7 in Fig. 3, showing the interiorconstruction of two of the vgenerating-chalnbers. Fig. 8 is a detachedfront end view of the gas-generating chambers, showin g'the front headwall of one Fig. 7 is a sectional plan partition therein; and Fig. 9 isan enlarged sectional side view of an air-induction valve, which is adetail of theapparatus.

A casing 10 in rectangular form and con- 55 strncted of sheet metal, soas to be rendered gas and liquid tight, vis' provided of sufficientdimensionsto receive and hold in operative positions the interiorworking parts of the apparatus. In the casing 10a light metal frame 6odetails below the apertured top ef the same, 65

and upon said frame the double-walled tank 2 is seated. The tank 12 isofsheet metal, and comprises 'two 'co1icentric cylindrical walls joined togetherat their lower edges, thus aiording an 7o annular chamber whereinany suitable liquid is to beheld and "in 'which the cylindric sheetmetalgas-receiver 13 is inverted and adapted to reciprocate when the deviceis in use.

Centrally within the tank-opening a pu mp- 7 5' barrel 14 is erectedupon a cross-piece forming a portion of the frame 11, and in said barrela plunger-rod a is held to slide, the upper extremity of said rodbeingsecured in or upon the top wall of the cylindric gas-receiver 13.8o 'A suitable packing-joint is provided between the roda and the upperend of the pumpbarrel 14, and at the lower end of the plungerrod, avalve-cageand valve b of .any approved vconstruction issecured-, whichattachment is 85 fitted, as usual, to slideliquid-tight in thepump-barrel, and it will be apparent that the -slidable connection ofparts'that have been described will serve to steady and guide thereciprocatory movement ofthe chamber 13 in g'o" the tank 12.

From the pump-barrel 14,- at one side and near. the lower end, anoil-supply pipe c is extended laterally and is so bent as to permit saidpipe topass outward through a perfora- V9 5 tion-in the casing 10, asbest shown in Fig. 2.

In the oil-supply pipe c acheck-valve c' of ordinary form is located andvconstitutes the l foot-valve of the pump, and when .the apparatusis'arranged for'service this pipe is to be :ce extended to a source ofoil-supply,.which the pump will draw and discharge from the spout 2 j e1acca ported to rotate on a common center, as willpresently be explained.The chambers 15, which inV number may be changed, are provided for thegeneration of gaseous fluid in such quantity as the needs of theconsumer require, and each chamber or receptacle consists of acylindrical sheet-metal shell having outer heads or end walls e, whicheach have at one end a series of apertures e', concentric with theperiphery of the head and spaced a art a proper distance for eteetiveservice o the generator. The circularly-arranged apertures e' in onehead c of each of the four chambers 15 have a suitable distance ofsepa'- ration from the circumferential edge of the head in which theyare formed, for a purpose which will hereinafter appear.

Within each of the chambers'l a finelyslitted or otherwiseminutely-foraminated tition-wall g is loosely secured near each ead walle, a sufficient space being afforded between each partition and the headadjacent thereto for the free introd uction of liquid between saidarallel walls. The chambers 15 are disp that contiguous sides of thesame will have contact, and they are firmly secured together when soarranged, which will cause their axes to be equally distant from acommon een ter, as indicated in Figs. 2 and 4.

A preferred means for holding the cylindric chambers 15 so that theywill be oppositely arranged in pairs consists in securing a keeper-plateh upon the heads e of the chambers at each end of the same when inassembled condition, these keeperplates having sufficient area. to allowthem to contact with a segment of each head e, the junction of saidplates with two chambers 15 being shown in Fig. 7. In one keeper-plateh, at the common center for the four chambers 15, a transverse shaft his secured by one end, and upon the body of said shaft, exterior of thekeeper-plate, a ratchet-wheel 16 is atlixed. A journal or trunnion endof theshaft h" projects beyond the wheel 16 for engagement with abox-bearing h2 on a cross-bar of the frame 11 at the rear of the device.A- spring h* and washer h, loose on theshaft h', may be introducedbetween the wheel 16 and the box-bearing h2.

0n the keeper-plate h and the heads e at the opposite end of thechambers 15 a four-way branch piece 17 is secured, this piece beingprererably cut and pressed into ,form from sheet metal, so as to producefour radial passages z', which at their inner ends intersect a shallowcircular-walled compartment apertured at its center and provided with ahollow' journal i'. The journal i' has a rotatable engagement with a.box-bearing similar to the bearing h2 andformed on a crosswith regard toeach other so' bar of the frame l1 opposite the one on which lthebearing h Ais formed. The opposite supports for the united chambers 15being axially coincident, it will be obvious that said chambers will beadapted for free rotation, it being only necessary that saidjournal-supports shall be such a distance. from the bottom wall'of thecasing-10 as will insure clearance for the chambers therefrom. The headscof 'the chambers 15, which are engaged by the four-way branch piece 17,have each a central ori'ce c formed therein, and the four radialpassages in the branch piece, respectively, have free communication neartheir outerends with these orifices.

An air-supply pipe 18, which leadsairfrom an air-pump (not shown) orother supply for air under pressure, which passes through a valvehereinafter described, has o ne end con nected.with the hollow journalfi', so as to introduce yair in proper volume through the four-way 17into each chamber l5 at one end. It will be seen that owing to thegraduated restriction to a free passage of inducted air presented by thenely-perforated partition g in each chamber 15 an even diffus/ion oftheentering air will be ell'ectedtherein.

A yoke 19, comprising parallel arms piv oted at their upper ends uponthe lower sido of the top wall of the gas-receiver 13, has the lowerportions of said arms loosely coupled, as at m, to the ends of spacedlimbs on afurcated lever 20. The lever 20 projectsdiag nally down andaway from the pumpbar rel 14, and at its lower outer end is firmlysecured to the body of therock-shaft 21 near the longitudinal center ofthe latter. 'The rock-shaft 2l is journaled near its ends in dependingears n, that are formed or secured on the frame 11 along one sidethereof. At the rear end of the shaft 2l arock-arm 22 is IUD secured tohang downwardly, and the body therefor being adapted to engage any oneof y the perforations in said arm,vand thus alter the throw of the paWlas occasion may require. The lower end ot the Ipawl 23 is meshed withthe toothed peri hery of the4 ratchet-whee1 16 for ite rotatab e"movement in direction of the Vcurved arrow in Fig. 4, and te prevent aretrograde movement ot the plurality of chambers 15 on their common axesa detent-pawl 23 is provided. This pawl, that is pivoted on the trame1,1,has its toe meshed between teeth of the ratchetwheel 16 directlybelow the pawl 23. i y

It is essential to provide means for arresting the introduction of airfrom an outside source intol the chamber 15,and thereby limi-t theevolution of gas tol the consumption, as there is not room vin theapparatus for the storage of any considerable volume of the manufacturedgas. To this end an' anto matically-operated aircontrolling valve 24 isIIO4 618,002 v l c employed, which valve seats upon the lower frontcross-bar of the frame 11 and isflocated in the air-supply conduit 18,as shown in Fig. 9. Said valve is of the puppet class, having itsclosing-disk p secured upon the inner end of the horizontal stem p',that extends out4 through the valve-case, and at the outer end isjointed upon one end of the link p2, that at its opposite end is pivotedupon -the weighty tumbling-block 25. The t-umblingblock 25 is pivoted atits lower end upon the frame 11, as shown in Fig. 2, so as to beadaptedfor rocking adjustment toward or from the valve 24. i

On the forward endof the rock-shaft 21 a rock-arm 26 is secured, whicharm has spaced' A valve 28, from which upwardly projects' the valve-rod29, having a hand-wheel 30 on its upper end, is located in anair-conduit 1S, which receives air from the supply-pipe 18, andthere maybe an index-hand s at the upper end of vthe valve-rod"to indicateI when.

the valve is open or closed, and also any degrec of open adjustmentgiven to said valve.

There is an oil-inlet 3l on the top of the `easing 10, sealed by aremovable cap32, said inlet being provided to allow the introduction ofoil when the apparatus is to be started or at any other time it maybefound necessary,

and if by accident a surplus of oil is introduced it will pass ontthrough an overflow-pipe 10, that leads to the oil-supply holder. p

. The casing lO'is neatly inclosed by a cabinet 33, preferably of wood,and finished in any preferred style on the exterior, and the cabinetaffords protection to Ythe apparatus from extremes of heat and cold.Ape'tture's.

are formed in the walls of the cabinet-for the introduction of the oiland air supply pipes .and on top to allow the valve-rod 29 to pro.-

ject therethrough, the hand-wheel 30 and index-hand s bein-g upon theouter portion of the valve-rod to permit manual adjustment of the valve28.

On the cabinet or wooden jacket 33 an oilindicating gage 31 is located,as shown in Fig. l. The indicating-gage is of a type having a glasstube, wherein theoil in the chamber 10 seeks its level by gravity, andto this end the upper and lower ends of the upright glass tube are heldby suitable fixtures of usual construction in position at the front wallof the cabinet, said fixtures tapping the casing or oil-chamber 10, soas to conduct oil therefrom into the tube.

Each of the chambers 15 has a filling of Very porous material uintroduced therein between the partitions g, and such material should beslightly packed, so as to perfectly iill the space it occupies. Whiledifferent substances may with measurably good results be utilized as afilling for the chambers 15, continued use has indicated that a mostsuperior composition of matter for the indicated purpose consists of theinfusoria or animalcula pervading .infusions of decaying substances,correctly termed protozoans, but commonly known as infusorial'eartli,and this earth in suitable proportions is mixed with mineral wool; Thetwo materials specified are thoroughly intermingled so that theinfusorialjearth is evenly distributed throughout the area of eachchamber 15.

be extended to any point for supplying gas. Assuming that a quantity ofhydrocarbon liquid has been introduced within the casing y .mercedtherein so as to cover one or more of the perforations e' in the head eof said cham- A gas-conduit or oi-'take pipe c projects from the casing10 below the tank 12 to ber, the liquid,which is preferably a distillateof petroleu m havinga specific gravity of about f seventy-two degreeshydrometer gage', will be instantly absorbed by the filling in thechamber .l5 and permeate throughout said filling., Air should now beintroduced under pressure through the valve 24 and four-.way 17 into theends of the chambers 15 opposite the point where the hydrocarbon liquidv enters the chambers.

The'infusorial earth which has been saturated with the -oil is a veryactive agent for the dissociation of the atoms of the liquid, so thatthe molecules of the oil become chemically separated. 's The mineralwool coacts' by the described means brought separately intoblendingcontact with the separated molrob ecules of the hydrocarbonliquid, and time` .i

by the natural affinity of the carbon for the oxygen inthe airaero-carbon gas is generated.

On commencement of gas generation, as explained, thevolume generatedwill quickly pass out of the chambers 15 through the oriices e and riseinto the receiver 13, which will soon move upwardly in the tank 12 11n--der pressure of the gas. When the maximum elevation of the chamber 13 isreached, the rock-shaft 21 will have been rocked so that the rock-arm 26will push upon the pitman 27, and this will `rock'the tumbling-block 25away from the valve 24, drawing upon the valve-stem p' and disk p, so asto close the latter upon its seat in the valve-body.

Thearrest of air-How through the chambers l5 of course stops thegeneration of gas, and as consumption of the latter removes the volumeof gas 'from below the receiver 13 the latter begins to fall by i-tsgravity. As the y On the descent of the receiver 13, as has beenexplained, the pawl' 23 is pushed upon, and this turns the ratchet-wheel1G, so as to partly rotate the joined chambers 15 in direction of thecurved arrow in Fig. l.

The rotatable movement of the chambers 15 will be controlled in degreeby the pivotaladjustment of the pawl :23 upon the rock-arm 22, it beingevident that the nearer the free end ofthe rock-arm the pawl is pivotcdthe greater will be the longitudinal movement of said pawl andconsequent actuation of the chambers to give them a partial rotation.The change of position that is communicated tothe chambers 15 and whichhas been described causes the gradual successive immersion of the majorportion of the periphery of each chamber, and it will be obvious thatthis will conduce to a thorough introduction of hydrocarbon liquid intoand through all the chambers as the generation of gas continues. Thevalve 28, which controls the influx of air into the conduit 18, that-maybe a hollow portion ofa cross-bar of the frame 11, isordinarily keptclosed and air is furnished through the valve 24 to thegenerator-chamber 15.

It will be seen that 'a supply of air may be furnished in graduatedquantity through the valve in the pipe 18, which will enable theproportion-of oxygen to carbon in the gas to be varied, and that at anytime the gas is too rich in carbon the valve 2S can be more orlessopened to introduce more air, that enters through valve 24 directlyinto the gas-space inthe casing 12. This provision is very essential, asthe liquid may in some cases be of somewhatgreater Aspecific gravitythan seventy-two degrees or said hydrocarbon liq-y uid may be o f higherspecific gravity 'and less richness in carbon.` In the latter case thevalve 2S is closed and the valve in pipe 1h.' partially closed to admita less volume of air. In Aoperation leach complete upward movement ofthe gas-receiver 13 and of the pump-rod u. will close the valve b-thatis, upon the lower end of said rod-and lift the oil -that is above thisvalve for discharge from the spout (l, from which it falls to the bottomof thechamber 10 to keep up a regnlar supply for the generators 15.

The ,operation oi the apparatus is antomatic nlicr thc working parts areproperly adjusted, and as long as gas is burned an adequate supply underpressure will be provided, which will be regulated to suit the flegrocol consumption; but when the use of the illnininant is entirelydiscontinued it will be apparent that there can hc no rcciprocation ofthe gas-receiver 13 or movement ol' thc working parts, so that thcgeneration of gas ceases soon after the use oi' it is suspended.

The preferred use for the gas'apparatus is to provide an illuminantwhich is brilliant,

steady i-n burning, and of a uniform candlepower; but it is also welladapted for the generation of heating-gas, which should be of a lesscandle-power than that provided for illumination. A featu re ofadvantage is that the ent-irc apparatus for a plant of, say, twentyfivelights is so compact that it does not take up more room than a ten-lightgas-meter of the usual form and may safely be placed in a living-room ofa house, if desired.

The measurable iixity of the gas by cold process, which enables the useof the'illuminant in a house that is warm enough to live in either inWinter or in summer, is another important advantage pertaining to theimproved apparatus and use of the unique composition of matter therein.

As already stated, the employment of mixed infusorial earth and mineralwool as a filling for the generator-chambers 15 produces chemical aswell as mechanical action upon the carbonaceous material and airintroduced, respectively, at opposite ends of said chambers, so that thehydrocarbon liquid preferably used in the manufacture of illuminatinggasby this improved process and novel apparatus may be a light-bodiedcoal-oil, which essentially differs from gasolene of from 80 to 86specific gravit-y, that will vaporze readily in the air at a temperatureof Fahrenheit, if exposed thereto, and that is ordinarily used toproduce carbureted air for illuminating purposes. Y

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent- 1. In a gas apparatus, of the character described,the air-induction controller, comprising the parallel-limbed yoke-piecevertically reciprocable and laterally rockable on the upper end of areci proeating gas-receiver, a supported rockable shaft having aserially-perforated arm, a forked leverloosely connecting the yoke-pieceand rock-shaft, a tumblingblock supported to rock, a pitman looselyconnecting the rock-arm and tumbling-block, and a valve in the air-induction passage, having its stem pivoted upon the tumbling-block, wherebythe automatic reci procation of the gas-rcceiver is adapted toperiodically open and close the valve, as specied.

2. In a gas apparatus of the character dcscribed, the rotatablegas-generator device comprising a plurality of cylindrical chambers,each having two perforated heads, and y two partitions inside and neareach head, -a

four-Way conduit for air at one end of the generator, and adapted tocommunicate with an orifice in each chamber, and a valve controlling theair-passage leading from theeI IOO terior of the apparat-us toilnnfmir-way con!y ciente duit, as specified.

E3. In a gas-generator for an aero-hydrocarbon-gas apparatus, the[urcylhnlrical chambers laterally connected at thc ends by disks andpivotcd at their centers, cach chamber having a head at one end that isseriali y pen i'orated near the periphery thereof for ind nc-r tionvofoil, and at the opposite end has an orifice for introduction ofatmospheric' air,

and the device for periodically giving a ro' tative impulse to the'combined cylindric chambers, comprising a ratchet-wheel on a trunnionat one end of the joined chambers, a pawl engaging the ratchet-wheel, apushpawl also meshing with said wheel, and means to periodicallyreciprocate the pawl and thereby rotate the generator by-pressure'of gasas it is generated, as specified. 4

4. In a gas apparatus of the character described, the gasgeneratorcoinprieingfourcyiindrical chambers, which are laterally joined and suppcrted to rotate at each end on a courl mon center, a. head at one endof' each vchainoer having a series of spaced perorations thereinnear theperiphery, a head at the opposite end of each chamber having a singleaperture, said apertures being for introduction of air, two perf )ratedpartitions in each chamber near the heads thereof, a suitable porousfilling in each generator-"chamber, means to supply hydrocarbon liquidto the generator-chambers at one end, a device for rotation of thegenerators when as is being generated, meansto introduce an' at theoppcsite end of the generator-chambers, all the aforesaid parte beinginclosed within a vertical casing, as speciiied.

5. rlhe combination of a gas-receiver movable by the volume of gas, acarbhreter com- G. in a gas apparatus, the combination of agas-1'eceiver movable by the volume of gas, a carburetena ratchet-wheelin connection with the carburetor for turning the same, a pnwl engagingthe ratchet-wheel, a rock-shaft having connection with the pawl tooperate the saine, an arin fixed Vto the iocl;-s`iiaft, and a linkattached to the arm and to the receiver to operaie the .roek-shaftnponthe movement lraniinated wall located adjacent to cach cud thereof andthe walls being within the chambers, and a branch piece having passagesleading to the respective chambers' and being in connu unicationtherewitlnihe branch piece' serving as an air-inlet.

8. In a gas apparatus, the combination, with the casing, adaptedtocontain oil, and the gas-receiver, adapted for vertical movement asspeciiied, and the carburetor adapted to rotate in the body of oil, ofthe yoke pivoted to said receive?I and adapted to4 swing, therock-shaft, arranged horizontally, an arm. connecting it with said yoke,the air-inlet, a valve located in the latter, a piimau and linkconnecting said rock-shaft and valve, and a patri-and ratchet-for-roiatin g the carbure-ter, as speciiied.

9. 1n n gas apparatus, the combination,

with the casing adaptedI to contain oil and the gas-receiver, adaptedfor vertical movement as specified, and the carburetor adapted to rotatein. the body ,of oil, oi"- the yoke pivoted. to said receiver, andadapted to swing, the rock-shaft arranged horizontally, an arm connecting it with said yoke, the air-inlet, a valve. located in the latter, apitinan and link connecting said rock-shaft and valve, the

pivoted tumbling-block having a slot con.- nection with said pitinnn andlink, anda ratchet and pawl for rotating the oarbureter, as shown anddescribed.

10. The improved gas apparatus, `coinprisinge lvertical casing,a framearrangedtherein,l

au oilpump and vertically-movable gas-receiver,lboth supported'cn saidfreine within the caeing, a rotatable air-carbureting a paratus mountedinthe frame, and mec anisin connecting the same with the gas-receiverproper, for automatically and intermittently rotating the carbureter,substantially -as .shown and.y described.

, ROBERT D. BRADLEY.

Witnesses:

.Linus E.' IIicNUrn Cinisi. l. Jansen.

